A policy review of affordable housing in London Essay

An approach survey of reasonable lodging in London - Essay Example Reasonable lodging strategy has after some time been the fantasy for the Londoners to locate a maintainable answer for the lodging difficulties influencing this incredible city. In 2014 for example, London lodging technique perceived that there is have to unite sufficient assets to empower London the improvement of 42,000 houses for every year. This focuses on basically multiplying the lodging conveyance for London. The technique perceives the requirement for joint effort between governments, private area, civic chairman and wards. There is requirement for an arrangement structure that advances bolster raising of surplus open land, just as in elevating institutional speculation to see London convey the vital housing.â a) Specific Policies for Boosting Housing SupplyThe London lodging system under segment 3.2 accommodates strategy changes to make an adaptable market and advance the development of middle of the road lodging. The London approaches have enormously changed after some tim e and in 2014, an arrangement to see expanded lodging conveyances included the accompanying (GLA, 2014,): Policy 1: the chairman of London city is required to work with different accomplices to convey the arranged objective for London which is 42,000 houses for each annum. The arrangement accommodates 25,000 market homes; 17,000 reasonable homes that individuals can lease or purchase; and 5,000 of the market homes will be for reason constructed. This will incorporate the drawn out private lease particularly on the plans which have more than one stage expanding the lodging gracefully for the City.â â

Marx Study Essays - Marxist Theory, Antitheists, Karl Marx

Marx Study In Karl Marx's initial composition on offended work there is a reasonable what's more, winning spotlight on the situation of the worker. Marx's composition on antagonized work is and endeavor to draw an unmistakable differentiation between land owners and laborers. In the composing Marx contends that the specialist gets irritated from his work since he isn't the beneficiary of the item he makes. Therefore work is externalized, that is work turns into the object of keeps an eye on presence. As work is generalized man gets disappointed and subjugated. Marx contends that man becomes to be seen as an item worth just the work he makes and man is additionally decreased to a staying alive creature drained of any limit of opportunity aside from the will to work. For Marx this all prompts the development of private property, the adversary of the low class. Indeed Marx's composition on offended work is a disavowal of private property-an admonition of how private property subjugates the specialist. This composition on irritated work is an undeniable purpose of reason for Marx's Communist Manifesto. The motivation behind this paper is to see Marx's idea of distance (repelled work) and how it limits opportunity. For Marx man's opportunity is surrendered or in actuality wrested from his actual nature once he turns into a worker. This procedure is completely clarified all through Estranged Work. This examination will uncover this procedure and contend it's legitimacy. Appendant to this investigation on distance there will be a small scale study which will endeavor to find out Marx's perspective on opportunity (for example positive or negative). The examination on distance related to the miniaturized scale concentrate on Marx's perspective on opportunity will help not just uncover why Marx feels work limits keeps an eye on opportunity, however it will likewise distinguish precisely what sort of opportunity is being restricted. Offended Labor Karl Marx distinguishes antagonized work as work outsider to man. Marx clarifies the state of alienated work as the consequence of man taking part in an foundation outsider to his inclination. It is my translation that man is estranged from his work since he isn't the harvester of what he plants. Since he is never the beneficiary of his endeavors the worker needs character with what he makes. For Marx at that point work is strange to the worker...[and]...does not have a place with his basic being. Marx distinguishes two clarifications of why keeps an eye on absence of character with work drives him to be alienated from work. (1) [The labourer] doesn't grow openly his physical and mental vitality, however rather mortifies his brain. at the end of the day work neglects to sustain keeps an eye on physical and mental limits and rather depletes them. Since the laborer is denied any sustaining in his work no closeness between the laborer and his work creates. Coming up short on a private connection with what he makes man is immediately alienated from his work. (2) Labor irritates man from himself. Marx contends that the work the specialist produces doesn't have a place with him, yet to another person. Given this condition the worker has a place with another person and is in this way oppressed. Because of being subjugated the specialist is decreased to a remaining alive creature, a condition outsider to him. As a final product man is antagonized from himself and is completely humiliated. Marx focuses to these to circumstances as the explanation man is basically antagonized from his work. The incongruency between the universe of things the laborer makes and the world the laborer lives in is the offense. Marx contends that the laborer initially figures it out he is irritated from his work when it is evident he can't accomplish what he appropriates. Because of this acknowledgment the externalization of work happens. For the specialist the work turns into an item, something ill defined and unidentifiable. Since work is typified, the worker starts to recognize the result of work as work. At the end of the day all the laborer can recognize as a result of his work, given the state of what he delivers as an ill defined, unidentifiable item, is work. The specialist is then left with just work as the finished result of his endeavors. The rising condition is that he attempts to make more work. For Marx the repetitive excess of this condition is exceptionally negative in light of the fact that the laborer loses himself in his endeavors. He contends that this circumstance is practically equivalent to a man and his religion. Marx expresses, The more man places into God the less he holds in himself....The specialist puts his life into the article, however now his life no longer has a place with him yet to the object. The aftereffect of the specialist having a place

Gimme a C!

Gimme a “C”! Since youre all probably sick of hearing about my summer, I emailed the cheerleading squad to see if I could get anybody elses summer plans. Since nobody on the squad responds to emails, I got four five responses out of the ~20 cheerleaders on the squad. I think Ill just list what everybody else is doing at the end. Talking about people behind their backs thats cheerleadery, isnt it? Jess 08 Well Im in Italy studying architecture in the Veneto Area (around Venice) mainly the work of Carlo Scarpa. Favorite ice cream: Kiwi gelato (from Venice!!) Major: Architecture and management science What else are you doing this summer? Ill be working for Lockheed Martin as an engineer and project planner when i get back (I know doesnt really fit with the major!) And when I get home I cant wait to watch trashy VH1 countdowns and hear English all around me!!! Jenn 08 Major: Course 14 Econ Favorite ice cream: Oatmeal cookie What are you doing this summer? Interning at JPMorgan in Investment Banking Debt Capital Markets (DCM) Where? NYC Details: I get to work on a trading floor and met the CEO of JPM (Jamie Dimon) as well as other JPM execs. Have you gone/will you go anywhere cool this summer? Going to Oregon for an outdoor-sy family vacation. Anything else? Ive run into a lot of MIT people in NYC and particularly in Banking/consulting. Its also pretty cool, because everything seems pretty easy in comparison to late nights at MIT (except maybe waking up before 7am). Chris 09 [Ed. note: Yes, he is a boy. And he is a boy who gets to hang out with/touch 20 girls in short skirts on a regular basis, so hes a smart boy, too.] Major: 8 and 22 Favorite ice cream: Gingerbread What are you doing this summer? Astrophysics UROP Where? The Kavli Institute for Space Research in (Building 37) Details: Im working with a group that is involved in the physics behind a new radio telescope array that is to be built in the radio-quiet region of Mileura in western Australia. My group is focusing on detailed measurements of the magnetic field surrounding the dynamic solar corona. Have you gone/will you go anywhere cool this summer? Well, I spent some time at home after finals, and before coming back, my friends and I drove down to Manchester, TN for Bonnaroo, a 4-day music arts festival. Think Woodstock, all over again. As for the future, Im sure some camping trips around the Great Northeast are in order. Anybody down? Jiang Wei 08 Major? Course 15 (finance concentration) Favorite ice cream flavor? Plain sweet creamy French Vanilla What are you doing this summer? Investment Strategies Where? A private wealth management firm in Boston Any amusing/noteworthy tidbits about your job? The people are all so dedicated, smart, and nice! Going on any cool trips before school starts back up? I went to South Africa earily this summer to teach communication skills to mechanical engineering seniors at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Later this summer I will travel to Chicago and NYC! and really, anything else you feel like saying: I love reading, learning, and if you cant tell, cleaning* and having fun. *Note: Jiang Weis original picture has a vacuum to the left. And its super-sexy. Alas, I had to crop it out. As for everybody else I know Morgan 09 has her own office for her UROP (Im so jealous!). Aline 08 is doing research in Wisconsin. I think Carly 07 is doing research at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (shes course 12 and course 5). Isa 07 is doing a nuclear engineering internship in North Carolina (and living on the beach). Robin 08 is doing an engineering internship in Vegas, and I think her cute football player boyfriend is there too. Jen 06 started her MD/PhD program in Texas, and she and her boyfriend Joey 06 moved into a cute little house and got a kitten. Michelle 09 is doing a UROP here at MIT. And thats all I know (or can reasonably discover on Facebook)! Ill answer questions next time, I promise. EDIT, 6/29 Shannon 08 Major? Environmental Engineering (1-E) Favorite ice cream flavor Moose Tracks =D [Ed. note: This is a rather amazing ice cream flavor.] What are you doing this summer? UROP Where? Parsons Lab, Bldg. 48 Noteworthy tidbits about your job? Im working with hollow high density polyethylene spheres, molasses, and a vibrator. However, the greater scope of the research is carbon sequestration to mitigate anthropogenic climate change. Id say thats the sexy part. [Ed. note: So I guess you could say Shannon is using molasses to save the world, while Sam uses turkey carcasses. Sounds like Christmas dinner to me.] Anything else exciting in your life? Im co-teaching a cheerleading class at MIT through ESP this summer with Morgan 09. Im also working on my back handspring with guys from the MIT gymnastics team.

corruption the international evolution Essay - 1537 Words

CASE N °2  « Corruption: The international evolution of new management challenges â€Å" School year 2013 - 2014 Introduction Since the phenomenon of globalization, companies that decided to broaden their horizons have to face multiple challenges and their management functions need some adaptations. While going abroad, companies may become concerned with the subject of corruption that makes the business with foreign countries even more complicated. Even if there is a willingness to fight and reduce the corruption across the world, companies must be aware that this subject exists and must take it into account while dealing with foreign companies, their efforts to understand and adapt to local corruption influencing their success of†¦show more content†¦In order to draw that line companies should look at three different aspects. First, the international laws about gifts and bribes must be carefully analysed. Second, companies should gather information in regard to what is permitted by the local culture. Last but not least, companies must look carefully at their CSR strategy in order to see which kind of gifts there are ready to accept in order to be in line with their core values. After analysing those three aspects, companies will be able to draw a line between gifts and bribes, using an ethical relativism or an ethical absolutism (Bricoe, Schuler and Tarique, 2012). This list must be integrated to a gift policy (anti-corruption code; see Appendix 2) that must to be well communicated, accepted and used by all members of the company. In top of that, the company should put in place controls system in order to check if the anti-corruption code is respected. The role of the international human resources management function is therefore crucial. The IHRM function needs to understand the different cultures the company is dealing with, to tolerate the cultural diversity while avoiding moral recklessness. This will ask the managers to conduct deep researches about the cultural differences and to train people concerning the anti-corruption code. Are donations to politicians and political parties a form of corruption? Should donations be prohibited? Donations to politicians and political parties appears inShow MoreRelatedCorruption Is A Big Cause Of Corruption856 Words   |  4 PagesThe topic I chose for my research paper is corruption in Africa. Corruption is one of the most deadly, wicked and immoral evil that endures in the society. Corruption is a toxic which has been meal in the mind of erroneous people in the society. We can see corruption in almost most parts of the world, but I would like to focus more on Africa and how the people there suffer because of these mal practices practiced by the people who have power and authority. If the people who have the power and authorityRead MoreGlobalization And International Business : Globalization954 Words   |  4 PagesMonica Mall 3/11/15 India Intro Globalization/ International Business In the text International Business, globalization is defined as the â€Å"acceleration and extension of the interdependence of economic and business activities across national boundaries (p 3)†. Many multinational corporations manufacture products in different nations and selling internationally to different nations. With the constant flow of goods and service help the integration of economies and societies. 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They become, as Deborah Poole claims, an â€Å"imperial subjec t,† the focus of the â€Å"anxious and interested spectators† whose â€Å"racial discourses, administrative habits, historical narratives, and spatial configurations†¦ form and legitimate imperial power†. With the public political protection of these nations assured in the eyes of other international â€Å"spectators† as a result of the Monroe Doctrine, the citizens ofRead MoreYemen Civil War Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesmajor development policy issue in Marib concerns the providing of basic security when their nation’s government and the international community are failing to do so. Without basic individual protections and rights, human progress and economic development cannot be achieved. A debate then arises of how to best provide and implement security in places like Yemen. Often international aid and support are blocked by different political interests in the region. 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My apologies for the lack of references, but much of my opinions were formed by what was not said in national and international events as much as by what was. That said, to really answer the first question I need to define what I see as the biggest negative consequence; irreversible ecological and cultural damage. Every reduction in biodiversity and cultural diversityRead MoreRoles, Responsibilities, And Styles Of Policing1468 Words   |  6 Pagesthe first â€Å"era† of policing was established in 1840. Until recently, there were only three established eras of policing: The Political Era, Reform Era and Community Era. We are now in a fourth era- the New Era. All of these eras are reflections of evolution amongst law enforcement officers, as well as political figures of their times. The roles and styles of policing have been a never-ending topic of change, which has grown to fit the demands of the public. Each new era has been born out the desire

IMPACT OF LOCAL OIL PRICES ON THE AUTOMOBILE SALES Acknowledgements - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3404 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Abstract The objective of this research is to study and understand the relation between the oil prices and the sales of automobiles. The escalation in the petroleum prices plays a major role in the automobile industry worldwide. When the price of oil increases, it evidently alarms the automobile industry because the auto companies are in the competition with one another to fulfill the new demands for more fuel efficient consumer mindful at condensed price. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "IMPACT OF LOCAL OIL PRICES ON THE AUTOMOBILE SALES Acknowledgements" essay for you Create order Furthermore, rise in the petroleum prices also impacts the kind of means of transportation demanded by the buyer and the way those vehicle motors are designed. However after studying the oil price impact on Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s automobile industry sales we have concluded that the relationship of oil prices and auto sales does not exists in Pakistan. Contents Acknowledgements II Abstract III Contents IV 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 The Impact of Rising Oil Prices on Automobile Sales: 1 Background of Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Automobile industry 4 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 5 4.0 RESEARCH METHOD 14 5.0 HYPOTHESIS TESTING 15 5.1 INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT VARIABLE 15 5.1.1 Independent Variable à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" domestic oil prices 15 5.1.2 Dependent Variable à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Auto mobile Sales 16 6.0 DATA ANALYSIS: 17 7.0 CONCLUSION IMPLICATIONS 19 8.0 REFERENCES 20 List of Tables: Table 6.1 ANOVA and level of Significance 18 Table 6.2: Regression Statistics of the tested variables 18 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Impact of Rising Oil Prices on Automobile Sales: Impact of oil in daily life is quite evident. Oil is considered as a strategic energy for economic time line. The price of oil has an effect on cost of production in diversified ways such as with the increase in oil prices, there is an increase in the costs of transportation of export, import and goods for local expenditure. Apart from this there is also an upward slope in rates of air, road, rail and sea transportation with the rise in the price petroleum. Oil endows with 97% of the transportation fuels that facilitates in running the trucks cars and other automobiles in the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s highway. Thus, when the price of the oil increases, it evidently alarms the automobile industry because the auto-companies are in competition with one another to fulfill the new demands for more fuel proficient consumer mindful at condensed price. There are no reservations that profit margin of the companies are affected by this. Furthermore, rise in oil price also affects the kind of means of transportation demanded by the buyer and the way those vehicle motors are designed. The escalation in the petroleum prices plays a major part in the automotive industry. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The world consumes over 82 million barrels of oil per day (BPD), with the united states taking roughly 20 million BPDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?1. Petroleum is one of the most essential contributions in a nations economy and its price has extensive economic and social impacts. Various researches illustrate that the price of petroleum in Pakistan is considerably high either with or without involving per capita income and it needs to be leveled downwards in order to guarantee competitiveness of Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s exports and lessen the burden on the buying competence of the nation. Nevertheless, this cannot be a simple task as Pakistan heavily depends upon imported oil in order to fulfill its petroleum necessity and the development surcharges and the import revenues compose a major sector of the Government income. However, a feasible and reasonable solution to trim down oil price is needed keeping in sight the revenue making facet and the prevailing global prices of crude oil. The major reason of escalated oil prices is linked with the demand of oil and the complication in oil refineries. Petroleum is used usually for two reasons: Firstly, in the gasoline production and secondly in the production of tires. In the US, during the last few years the prices of gasoline have risen up considerably reaching on an average over $ 3.00/gallon (EIA-Energy Information Administration).Oil is considered as the main element in the tires production. With the increase in the oil prices, the cost and expenditure in making the tires escalates, the cost to heat up or cool the manufacturing plant where tires are produced increases, and eventually escalates the expenditure of shipping the tires to further destinations. Because of the rise in the price of petroleum, the tire makers are also increasing the price of tires. The automobile sector is affected by both, tire production and gasoline prices as the profit margins are affected by the rise in oil prices and tire production prices. The automobile industry catastrophe, currently worldwide phenomena, started during 2008-H2. The automotive sector is going through a crisis condition in US and Canada because of the Automobile products Trade Agreement. Nevertheless, all auto makers worldwide, especially in Japan and Europe are also facing the same crisis. The first fragile connection in the auto sector was the record high petroleum prices during 2008 which caused global oil crisis and made fuel costs and expenditures unreasonable, causing buyers to opt for smaller cars rather than larger SUVs (sports utility vehicles) and the pick up trucks. Background of Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Automobile industry The global oil crisis has affected Pakistan economy severely. Automobile sector has been greatly impacted by the oil price shocks. There had been consistency in the Gross Profit Margin of Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Automobile industry. It raised from FY01 (6.83) to FY03 (13.73).Then had a downward slope for two consecutive years to 12.17 (FY05), then remained stable for two more consecutive years (FY05 FY07).Since FY07 there has been a constant downward slope, reaching 6.14 (FY09) the diminishing Profit margin was because of the ever escalated cost of goods sold. The risen up cost is primarily due to the global oil price shocks and the high depreciation value of Rupee. The escalated costs were also linked to the high inflation rate during FY09. 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Escalated oil prices have been accountable for periods of extreme inflation, recessions, and lower productivity and reduced economic growth. For the Automobile manufacturers the fuel price debate is nothing new. Due to predefined end of petroleum resources, the automakers have come up with various strategies to avert any sudden need for action. However till now, no one has clearly defined the oil supply definitive end. Kiseol Lee and Shawn Ni analyzed the effects of oil price shocks on demand and supply in automobile industry depicting the effect of oil price shocks mainly reducing demand. They suggested that oil price shocks influence economic activities. The first OPEC oil embargo in early 1970s has led to the start of debate over the oil shocks and its Macroeconomic effects. The most comprehensively surveyed theories on the direct consequence of oil price shocks incorporates thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? an input-cost effect, that higher energy cost lowers usage of oil which in turn lowers productivity of capital and labor; and an income effect, that higher cost of imported oil reduces disposable income of U.S. householdsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. (K.Lee, 2002) According to an editorial in 1973-1974 oil crises: Automobile sales, especially for standard and medium-sized cars, began diminishing almost with the first realization that the energy crisis is reality. The trade-in value of big gas-guzzlers toppled unmercifully and some dealers were threatening not to take them in trade at all. Gasoline mileage, not size and comfort suddenly became the paramount concern for the consumer. (Wards Auto World) K.Lee contrasted to the situation in the petroleum refinery and industrial chemical industries which were bothered by the escalated cost of fuel, research in trade papers proposed considerable indications that the automotive industry distraught by the two fuel price shocks mainly due to the demand for larger vehicles stabbed. The effects of oil price hikes for nearly all other industries are less severe and intricate. The writings in trade journals of rubber, metals and other machinery industries often cited that the major factor of soggy economical activity is the dejected and depressed automotive market, however the highlighted that various sectors of these industries have also gained benefit from augmented economic activity in energy exploration and protection.(K Lee ,2002) The steel sector was adversely affected by the hunch in automotive sales. According to the Wardà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Auto World, Chemical week and Industry Week magazines, the oil prices crunches lowered the demand for the metals by their effect on automobiles, housing and consumer durables. Globally, the auto mobile assemblers are facing financial crisis at their worst which is eventually leading to recession. In the same way , as Pakistan à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"s Auto Market is an export driven industry which attracts both foreign and locals investments, therefore is facing decreasing sales and production level and depicting a depressing future. Because of the present critical situation prevailing in the automobile sector, many companies are on the threshold of economic failure and bankruptcy. K Lee discussed that after an oil price shock, demand for vehicles is destabilized in view of the fact that a prospective new car holder may go for other ways of transportation to save the operating expenditure of vehicles, or delay buying a new car because ambiguity about future energy prices makes it difficult to come to a decision which type of automobile to purchase. Increase in Oil price also alters the composition of the automobile demand. As compared to the small-size cars, the demand for full-size cars is much more destabilized. The U.S. auto makers suffered more ruthlessly from rising and falling oil price because they manufacture inconsistently more full-size cars than their overseas competitors. Hamilton in 1988 mentioned in his writings that the oil crisis stimulate recessions primarily because a sharp increase in oil price escalates ambiguity and elevates operating costs and expenditures of several durable goods, which diminishes demand for durables, venture and investments. (Hamilton 1988, 1999). Brad M. Barber, Reid W. Click, Masako N. Darrough analyzed and empirically estimated the degree to which exchange rate and oil price alterations have contributed to this market swing. Increase in oil prices diminishes the amount of vehicles sold by the US auto makers, but conversely to the common idea, had minor effect on the Japanese auto mobile makers .That oil price effect reported 6.5 percent of the variance of alteration in monthly sales volume for US automobile manufacturers. They also discussed that productions costs are affected by oil prices hikes. For their research they used VAR to highlight the environmental issues that influence the cost of manufacturing and demand in the automobile industry. They clearly account for the effect of oil prices and exchange rates on manufacturing costs and the impact of oil prices and income on the demand for vehicles. Their outcomes suggested that the all the considered macroeconomic variables affected sales volumes as forecasted by the model they used. With reference to oil prices, escalated oil prices have certainly led to turn down in sales by the U.S automobile manufactures. Hamilton proposed that financial slumps tend to emerge after oil price trends. In particular, the worldwide inflationary strains of 2008 became rigorous with the spikes up in fuel prices shocks in the global financial system including Pakistan. Fuel prices with respect to domestic currency emphasized the fact that the delivering channels of global shocks via exchange rates variations put down major effects on the domestic inflation within the economy. According to Hamilton, the variations in oil prices in local currency are inflated and unpredictable in contrast to the variations in prices of oil in dollar terms particularly in 1999 and onwards. This underlines the details that the impacts of external oil price shocks have considerable effect upon local inflation via exchange rate variations in the economy (Hamilton, 2005). Bresnahan and Ramey discussed that the OPEC oil price shock in US during 1973 had major impact on the U.S auto mobile industry. It amplified the demand for smaller, fuel efficient cars and at the same time condensed the demand for larger cars. As the funds, financial stock and labor force were basically bound for the manufacturing and production of larger cars, therefore the U.S automotive companies were inadequate to respond to this oil price shock. As a result, capacity consumption, utilization and the output cut down during the period of Oil price shock. Only few plants were equipped to produce the small cars, manufacturing and operating at their peak capacity. (Bresnahan and Ramey ,1993). Steven J. Davis, John Haltiwanger studied the impact of oil price shocks on the creation and devastation of American automobile manufacturing employment from 1972 to 1988. The oil price shock unfavorably had an effect on the proximity between the preferred and actual characteristics of factor contributed in the automobile industry along different dimensions. Firstly, a large amount of the physical resources in the auto industry was devoted to the manufacture of larger cars instead of the smaller ones. Secondly, the American automobile labor had built up proficiency that was skilled and specialized in the manufacture and production of particular car models, and these were likely to be larger vehicle models. In Pakistan also the increase in oil prices had impact on many enterprises. Many different small to medium Automobile companies in the manufacturing sector are facing a severe threat of downsizing, closures, layoffs and limited production cuts due to an abrupt rise in their cost and expenditures of doing manufacturing and a significant reduction in their car sales. According to the owners of different small automakers, the sales of different auto parts have plunged downwards to 30%-in proportion to the reduction in the car sales. The overall margins have also dropped down. With reference to the statistics of Pakistan Automotive Manufactures Association, car sales during the period of 2008-09 positioned at 82,844 units, which were declined by 48% from 164,650 units in the 2007-08. According to Birol and Keppler (2007) the association between mobility, calculated as time spent in movement, and economic output is more stable than the relationship between output and fuel utilization, partly due to increased possibilities of substitution between the latter. This examination bears a significant policy lesson: relative price changes to decrease energy consumption per unit of output are most effective where possibilities for substitution are highest. (Birol, Keppler, 2007) Storchmann (2005) employed a pooled model to calculate approximate average fuel utilization using various explanatory variables such as, population, private income, urbanization rates, density, oil prices and automobile expenditures. The sales of automobile sector is affected by all these variables. Thomas Klier and Joshua Linn estimated the impact of the price of gasoline on the demand for fuel efficient vehicles. They institute the idea that gasoline prices considerably influence the new auto market and the price escalations explained almost half of the down turn in market share of U.S auto firms. The outcomes suggested that consumer demand reacts when the price of gasoline increases or rise up during 1970à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s and near the beginning of 1980à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s. During stable prices in the middle period, the sales had a negligible effect by the prices of gasoline; their results were steady with casual observation of the new auto market. Hamilton (1988) used a model called sectoral shifts that elucidated how an oil price slog might lower real GDP. The primary propagation method in this model is that an oil price escalation will lower consumer buying power of energy-using commodities such as automobiles. Goldberg (1998) determined the rebound effect by means of the Consumer Expenditure Survey for the years between 1984-1990, as an ingredient of a bigger equation system that also forecast the effect of oil on automobile sales and prices. Lutz Kilian in 2007 used Regression analysis to discuss that Automobile purchases were by far the most responsive expenditure item when the oil prices fluctuates. Purchase of other durables goods for instance appliances or furniture; by contrast, are far less responsive to energy price swings. Spending on public transportation and on food at home are few of the expenditure items that privileged from unexpected elevated energy prices. There will be a demand side impact of oil price increases. When oil prices rise, consumers are likely to delay or postpone their purchasing durables such as automobiles. This demand side impact leads to relative increase in inventories to sales and then decline industrial production. 4.0 RESEARCH METHOD The objective of this study is to determine the impact of local oil prices on Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Automobile sales. The research is exploratory in nature and relied on secondary research and data collection, reviewing available literature and data. The sample data consists of five years monthly oil prices; taken from OGRA (Oil and Gas regulatory authority), and five years monthly auto sales; taken from PAMA (Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association.) An extensive secondary data analysis was done where the impact of oil prices were observed and the related research were also examined to find out the linkages of the oil prices with the auto sales, data analysis was done through Ms-excel. The statistical tool used is regression and correlation. The tables were also generated through Ms-Excel 2007 version. 5.0 HYPOTHESIS TESTING The purpose of this research is to find the relationship between Local oil prices and the Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s auto industry sales. Globally, researchers have observed that oil plays a major role in impacting the Automobile industry sales. In our research we are also testing the following hypothesis. H1: The local oil prices have a direct impact on Automobile sales in Pakistan. 5.1 INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT VARIABLE 5.1.1 Independent Variable à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" domestic oil prices In Pakistan, the oil prices passed through to domestic consumers is determined by Oil and Gas regulatory authority (OGRA) and although the oil price in international oil market fluctuates on a daily basis, in Pakistan the pass through is carried out after every 15 days. The international oil prices impact almost every sector of the country from transportation to the Agriculture. Hence oil is the backbone of every sector of the economy and plays an important role in the development of any economy. 5.1.2 Dependent Variable à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Auto mobile Sales Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s automobile sales were taken from PAMA which is a registered Pakistan Automobiles Association company. The global oil crisis has affected Pakistan economy severely. Automobile sector has been greatly impacted by the oil price shocks. 6.0 DATA ANALYSIS: The data analysis was done through Ms-Excel 2007, Correlation and Regression analysis was done to find out the relationship between the two variables. The monthly local oil prices were compared with the monthly automobile sales. The regression Analysis was done to determine if escalation in oil prices affects the sales of automobile industry or not, to find out this the following equation has been used Y = a + bx Here Y= auto sales And X= oil prices Sales = f (oil price) S=16,150.92-32.03(oil price) Negative sign of X intercept shows that the result is inline with the literature review i.e. with the increase in oil prices, automobile sales is declining. However the relationship is insignificant because P value is 0.51 (greater that 0.05).Therefore, the research hypothesis has been rejected and there is no relationship between oil prices and sales of auto industry. Table 6.1 ANOVA and level of Significance ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1.00 7,521,403.95 7,521,403.95 0.44 0.51 Residual 55.00 939,576,283.03 17,083,205.15 Total 56.00 947,097,686.98 Table 6.2: Regression Statistics of the tested variables Multiple R 0.09 R Square 0.01 Adjusted R Square (0.01) Multiple R is 0.09 which means the correlation between the two variables is negligible. R square is also 1% which also indicates negligible effect of oil on the auto sales .Y intercept signifies that if oil price is 0, still the auto sales will be 16,150.92 units. Whereas, the slope indicates that with the increase in oil prices, the auto sales will decrease with 32.03 units. Log of both the variables was tested in order to find out the linearity, but no such relationship exists between the two variables. 7.0 CONCLUSION IMPLICATIONS The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of local oil prices on automobile sales in Pakistan. After conducting this research the results indicates that there is no significant impact on the Auto sales when the oil price changes. The escalation in the petroleum prices plays a major role in the automobile industry worldwide. When the price of oil increases, it evidently alarms the automobile industry because the auto companies are in the competition with one another to fulfill the new demands for more fuel efficient consumer mindful at condensed price. Furthermore, rise in the petroleum prices also impacts the kind of means of transportation demanded by the buyer and the way those vehicle motors are designed. However after studying the oil price impact on Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s automobile industry sales the research concluded that the relationship of oil prices and auto sales does not exists in Pakistan. The result shows that the correlation between the two variables is very minor and the significance value F indicated that there is no linear relationship between the two variables.

Online Exhibition Essay A More Perfect Union Free Essays

At the height of the internment of the Japanese Americans during World War II, the number of individuals relocated and housed at the internment camps reached a staggering 120,000 individuals. Spread over 10 camps nationwide, that were defined by remoteness and remove from the general structure of American society, these people many of which were born American citizens lived their lives under lock and key simply because of their cultural ancestry. Not only men, but women, children, and the elderly were classified as â€Å"enemy aliens† following the bombing of Pearl Harbor. We will write a custom essay sample on Online Exhibition Essay: A More Perfect Union or any similar topic only for you Order Now Using national security as justification, the U.S. government displaced and imprisoned these Japanese Americans for 2 years, taking not only their freedom but their assets as well. Given the information contained in the Smithsonian’s exhibition, A More Perfect Union, the justification of national security was faulty and played off prejudice rather than common sense. The Japanese migration to Hawaii and the U.S. mainland began in 1861 and continued through to 1940. During this time over 275,000 individuals immigrated. Many of the first generation Japanese who came to the U.S. worked on sugar cane fields in Hawaii and on fruit and vegetable farms in California. There they established communities and were able to surround themselves with cultural familiarity but as their population grew, animosity against them also began to grow. Within a couple years of their first arrival, the Hawaii legislator passed laws restricting the immigration of Japanese. By 1907, the U.S. had restricted the travel of Japanese from Hawaii to the mainland. The exhibit notes that by 1940, forty percent of the population of Hawaii owed at least part of their ancestry to Japanese. In California, the Japanese Americans fought similar odds as their tenacity and success made them easy targets of racially fueled jealousy. The racism against them, however, was not limited to the unsuccessful farmer down the road but rather reached into every branch of government. Unable to own land or become citizens, many Japanese placed their properties in the name of their children who had been born in the U.S. and were therefore citizens. The Supreme Court itself, played on the side of the oppressor, ruling against Japanese immigrants and upholding racist laws and restrictions. Anti-Japanese propaganda was also common place in the years leading up to Pearl Harbor, including bubble gum cards sold to children and political cartoons, editorials and speeches. Once the Japanese American population established itself as a living and growing community in the United States, the hatred became more concentrated. With the drop of the bomb on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, the Japanese Americans fate was sealed. Americans had followed the Japanese Army’s support of Hitler and Mussolini, they were aware of the military power. What American’s were not prepared for was for that military power to reach across the Pacific and tap them on the shoulder. The exhibit notes that in the panic that ensued along the West Coast, along with the prejudices already in place and made policy, the Japanese Americans became an easy target for political kowtowing and venting the prejudices which had until then only bubbled. With President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s issuance of executive order 9066, the situation exploded into full blown segregation. What is interesting to note, is that though the U.S. was also in a war against Germany and Italy, Italian American and German Americans were not targeted under E.O. 9066, â€Å"While German or Italian enemies were often viewed as misguided victims of despotic leaders, Japanese people were referred to as â€Å"yellow vermin,† â€Å"mad dogs,† and â€Å"monkey men.† Racist wartime propaganda further exacerbated fears of invasion and prejudice against people of Japanese decent.† Much of the political and military justification for the removal of Japanese Americans was blatantly fueled by individual racism and not sound strategy. Congressman from the West Coast, who had their own individual prejudices against their own Japanese American communities were some of the strongest supporters of the measure. The initial order was for the military to remove persons from their jurisdiction who were seen to be threats to national security but the removal wasn’t limited to individuals near air bases or the coast but stretched far across the country, uprooting them from their homes and leaving them to take only what they could carry. Disobeying the order was not an option nor was it considered correct. Japanese American, Morgan Yamanaka, in recalling her own experience explains that it wasn’t in their upbringing to disobey the authority of the federal government, â€Å"I think one has to appreciate what our parents, the immigrant parents taught us: â€Å"Always respect order coming from the people above you. Respect your teachers, respect the government, respect the law. Be obedient, be reserved, be a good Japanese according to good Japanese traditions.† Though I doubt it was willing, there was little protest on the part of the Japanese Americans. However, perhaps this loyalty and obedience to the U.S. government despite the criminal nature of   E.O. 9066, was also a factor in the survival of spirit and their reemergence back into American society following the camps. The camp experience though far less extreme, despite the designation of internment rather than the Nazi concentration camps, did not differ so much from the Jews experiences in Germany during the same time. Fenced in by barbed wire and soldiers with guns, their were housed in substandard barracks and worked for minimal wages to help support the camp and war effort. Many used their opportunities at work as ways to continue their lives outside the context of the camp, while remaining imprisoned. The things which occupied their time such as artwork and making of furniture, the expression of their freedom through imagination are what I would most recommend to someone viewing the exhibit. The works, though deeply disturbing in the recurrence of the fences and general feeling of entrapment present in some, shows a freedom that no imprisonment can stifle. While the body is imprisoned, the mind continues to go forth into the world even if it is only a recoloring of the same landscape, dusty and isolated. To maintain artistic expression under such duress is a true show of the strength needed to survive becoming an unknowing enemy. By 1943, the U.S. government was asking all residents of the camp to fill out a questionnaire to determine their loyalty to the U.S. Some, feeling tricked and manipulated by the maneuver and the questions on the forms, chose to reply no to certain questions, such as â€Å"†Will you swear unqualified allegiance to the United States†¦ and forswear any form of allegiance or obedience to the Japanese emperor, to any other foreign government, power or organization?† The exhibit explains that some of the interned Japanese Americans saw the question as a double edged sword. If they were to answer yes, than they would be implying that they had ever been disloyal to the U.S. government and to answer no was to seal their fate. The ones who were deemed loyal were able to start on the road back to a normal life, the others were segregated further. Among these were children and natural born U.S. citizens. At the end of the war, over 4,000 Japanese Americans (all but 100 under the age of 20) were repatriated to Japan. How to cite Online Exhibition Essay: A More Perfect Union, Essays

Network Security Vulnerability & VPN Technology - Research Analysis

Question: Describe about the Research on Network Security Vulnerability and VPN Technology Protocols Application? Answer: Introduction This particular research paper emphasizes in identifying the network security vulnerabilities and with Virtual Private Network protocol identification. In order to conduct the research, the analysts first select the outline of the research to identify the several network security components, and examining the existing weaknesses. After that, the researchers recognize the several types of VPN; present the research findings on the data security, analyzing data packets with Wireshark usage. The final research report will determine the outcome as depicting any identified weaknesses in VPN (Yan et al. 2012). Finally, a set of recommendations will be provided on the further research on the agenda. The research methodologies will include the primary and secondary techniques in order to gain detailed responses from the respondent sample. The primary research as in quantitative research will be performed among the users of Virtual Private Network and the qualitative research will be continued for the Internet Service Provider vendors (Aloul et al. 2012). To conduct better analysis on the agenda, the hypotheses are to be identified and individual independent and dependent variables are selected for creating regression or t-test model. To support the primary research outcomes, the secondary or case study analysis will be performed as well. Aim and Objectives The research aim and objectives are illustrated in this section, for showing the primary responsibilities of any research paper in order to conduct detailed analysis (Hahn et al. 2013). This section shows how the aim is relevant in this study, with aspect of the research objectives, with selecting the research questions and hypotheses setting. The weaknesses identify the security vulnerabilities in the context of data security. The technologies as TCP/IP network include weaknesses in HTTP, FTP, ICMP protocols. According to Knapp and Langill (2014), the various network devices are not free from vulnerabilities as well, the devices lack from safe and secure password protection, routing protocols, firewall gaps, and other limitations. In case of configuration, the user accounts, systems accounts with guessable passwords, wrongly configured network, are the primary instances of network vulnerabilities. Again, as Viduto et al. (2012) claimed, in security policies, the weaknesses stay as in lack of continuation, access controls, hardware and software installation without policies, and disaster recovery planning. Research Aim: Research aim is primarily for identifying the research questions and objectives. The aim is to identify the VPN components and their importance analysis, to identify the security technologies and their vulnerabilities, and to analyze the data packet reliability, network security in VPN. Therefore, in short to be precise, the research is aimed at incorporating the VPN technology in order to minimize the existing weaknesses in security options. Research Objectives: After identifying the research aim in this study, the objectives are set as following. To identify the network security technologies and their existing vulnerabilities To identify the VPN components and their importance in context to the data protection To analyze the Data packet security, reliability in non-VPN network To analyze the level of network security required for VPN network with applying Wireshark To present the findings as a report in including recommendations on further research The research objectives are similar for the primary and secondary techniques in this context of VPN security and exiting vulnerabilities identification. In the objectives, the research aims are aligned as usual. Research Questions: After considering the research aim and objectives in this agenda, the researchers have derived the particular research questions. The research questions are noted as following. What are the existing weaknesses in the network security technology components? What are the important factors of VPN acting as a solution in data protection? Are the data packets reliable enough in non-Virtual Private Network? Are there any existing weaknesses present in Virtual Private Network? Research Hypotheses: The hypotheses are set for proving primary research questions with findings in the study. The set hypotheses are the following. Hypothesis 1: H0: The data packets are reliable enough in non-Virtual Private Network. H1: The data packets are not reliable enough in non-Virtual Private Network. Hypothesis 2: H0: There are several existing weaknesses present in Virtual Private Network. H1: No existing weaknesses are present in Virtual Private Network. The hypotheses are relevant for identifying the dependent and independent variable in this context for multiple regression analysis. Research Methodology This section addresses the most appropriate way in which the research will be conducted in order to achieve the complete and detailed results of the process. Vacca (2012) demonstrated that the theories and concepts in research methodology adoption makes the procedure understood to VPN vendors, users with security requirements in non-VPN and VPN architecture. Gonzalez et al. (2012) opined that the detail process of research will lead to common blunders as the limitations of the study and future scope as well. Aside the common errors, the researchers will be able to apply the entire research process for identifying the network security and existing vulnerabilities, VPN security, and other aspects. Method outline: The method outline includes the detailed research techniques, with security vulnerabilities identification and the important factors of VPN in data protection. The selected research approach is deductive with allowing the VPN components recognition, and the identification of vulnerabilities in the current network structure (Van Der Merwe et al. 2014). The descriptive design will help the researcher in order to define the study importance in this aspect. The primary and secondary data sources will increase the study quality and details. Forty-five users of the network will be identified and five ISP vendors will be included in this study. Research Approach: The research approach will set out the study format with showing the two basic types of study as deductive and inductive. The study may include the inductive approach in case of data required is not readily available and the researchers need to derive the data. Rosado (2013) included that the study may be setting new theories with incorporating the older concepts. On the contrary, deductive approach denies the theoretical approach rather than application of practices in the context, the deductive approach includes the data analysis and detailed specifications for new theory emerging (Hengeveld and Harris Corporation 2012). In some cases, the nature of the study should be according to the chosen approach in order to analyze with suitability in the topic. In this particular study, the security technologies and their vulnerabilities will be analyzed with security requirements identification. The inductive approach will fail in this scenario, whereas the deductive approach will be practical with the research agenda. Therefore, the deductive approach will be precise in this context. Research Design: Mullick et al. (2013) determined that the research design supports the explanation framework with the topic with data collection and analysis process. The data collection process will follow a particular design for analysis as identified as exploratory, explanatory and descriptive. Figure 1: Research design (Source: Gong, Liu and Zhou 2013, pp. 3263) Exploratory design is important for acknowledging the several types of ideas and thoughts for research paper completion. The explanatory research design will describe the certain scenarios and incidents occurrence and the derived effect in the study. The descriptive research design is suitable for overall cause-effect analysis with detailed visibility of data and security requirements (Lehmann Jr, and Dye 2013). The selected research design will be descriptive for depicting detailed study with individual results analysis. The explanatory design should not be applied in this context as the research required cross-sectional analysis. Again, the exploratory research design will fail to analyze the with respect to the secondary data sources. Data collection process and analysis techniques: The research will be performed with primary study and secondary sources of data with including the respondents and the secondary research papers. Bianzino et al. (2012) illustrated that the primary study will need to be performed with reliability and data clarifications. The secondary study will analyze the concepts with accessing sufficient literatures, articles, books, blogs and others. The primary data collection will be analyzed with qualitative and quantitative process. The network users and their responses will be analyzed with quantitative techniques and the responses from ISP vendors will be analyzed with qualitative techniques (Conti and Giordano 2014). The two types of data collection and analysis techniques will be able to provide in-depth identification of findings in this context. Sampling Techniques, Size, Population and Ethical Considerations: The sample is selected with identifying the 45 users and 5 individual vendors in UK. For quantitative research process, 45 users and for qualitative research process, 5 vendors are selected. The sampling technique is selected as random probability technique in this study and the respondents will be selected randomly. The sample size is taken as 50 in total and the population for the sample is identified as the United Kingdom VPN users and network vendors available. The ethical considerations are very important in this aspect with comprising the handling technique applicable for the respondents. The respondents should be controlled professionally with setting certain activities and events. Literature Review As per the researchers point of view, there may several types of security vulnerabilities may occur with technical, configuration and security policy perspective. Keromytis (2012) opined that the HTTP, FTP, ICMP and even the SMTP, SNMP protocols are vulnerable with technological insecurity over the design. Again, Yan et al. (2012) discussed that the operating system and platform may turn out to be primary concern for security threats and risks. Moreover, Aloul et al. (2012) claimed the technological threats may include the devices risks and weaknesses. The device weaknesses may include insecure password protection, authentication issues, improper routing protocol, and firewall gaps as well. Hahn et al. (2013) demonstrated that the technological risks and weaknesses as well as the configuration weaknesses may include exploit with insecure user accounts, easily guessable passwords as the common issues in this aspect. Knapp and Langill (2014) illustrated that the internet services may b e wrongly configured in certain scenarios with JavaScript, IIS, FTP problems. The default setting within the products may include several security issues with loopholes. Viduto et al. (2012) depicted that the security policies were in a turf war due to implementing the suitable process to support data reliability and protection. The logical access controlling process lacks from adequate monitoring and auditing process and as well as maintenance (Vacca 2012). The wrongful termination of policies may stand up with legal challenges in policy enforcing. The software and hardware installation and the unnecessary, unapproved changes in network may create security loopholes. Gonzalez et al. (2012) indentified that recovery plan may cause chaos, panic and pandemonium in organizations with chances of sabotage. Apart from the above mentioned reasons and security threats, there are certain issues and risks as malicious insiders, identity theft, and others. The VPN technologies have some other competitive advantages within the network architecture. According to Van Der Merwe et al. (2014), Virtual Private Network incorporates enhances security feature with encrypted facility of data protecting from attackers. Rosado (2013) opined the remote control facility is present in VPN and secure sharing process helps to circulate files among the friends. Again, Hengeveld (2012) mentioned that the bandwidth and network efficiency can be increased even after VPN is implemented. The VPN network reduces cost of maintenance and service providers do not consider the surveillance as a cost concern (Bianzino et al. 2012). Therefore, the VPN is cost-efficient and as well as effective network solution. Conclusion After discussing the research methodologies with literature review, and comparison with several sources, the researchers have concluded that the study will be deductive. The identified sampling method will be random probability sampling and the primary and secondary data collection will be considered. The study included only important part as the data collection and analysis, the entire research the outcome is dependent over the analysis conducted. The analysis provides specific amount of details and along with particular portion of in-depth and empirical view of the study. The study is better understood with the analysis results and findings and hence, the certain research is set up with proven hypotheses. The hypotheses show whether the particular section is proven along with suitable support of sources, articles, documents and others. The undertaken project will become a success with respect to the hypotheses setting, again, when the outcome is verified with the research design; t he outcome is aligned with the project objectives. The alignment is important for verifying the project validity with current study progress. After the project is completed, the project success factors are identified for viewing the project deliverables and whether they are achieved or not. To serve this purpose, sometimes, the project Key Performance Reviewing is utilized with high-value indicators. References Aloul, F., Al-Ali, A.R., Al-Dalky, R., Al-Mardini, M. and El-Hajj, W., 2012. Smart grid security: Threats, vulnerabilities and solutions.International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy,1(1), pp.1-6. Bianzino, A.P., Chaudet, C., Rossi, D. and Rougier, J.L., 2012. A survey of green networking research.Communications Surveys Tutorials, IEEE,14(1), pp.3-20. Conti, M. and Giordano, S., 2014. Mobile ad hoc networking: milestones, challenges, and new research directions.Communications Magazine, IEEE,52(1), pp.85-96. Gong, L.H., Liu, Y. and Zhou, N.R., 2013. Novel quantum virtual private network scheme for PON via quantum secure direct communication.International Journal of Theoretical Physics,52(9), pp.3260-3268. Gonzalez, N., Miers, C., Redigolo, F., Simplicio, M., Carvalho, T., Nslund, M. and Pourzandi, M., 2012. A quantitative analysis of current security concerns and solutions for cloud computing.Journal of Cloud Computing,1(1), pp.1-18. Hahn, A., Ashok, A., Sridhar, S. and Govindarasu, M., 2013. Cyber-physical security testbeds: Architecture, application, and evaluation for smart grid.Smart Grid, IEEE Transactions on,4(2), pp.847-855. Hengeveld, T.A., Harris Corporation, 2012.Multi-tunnel virtual private network. U.S. Patent Application 13/477,185. Keromytis, A.D., 2012. A comprehensive survey of voice over IP security research.Communications Surveys Tutorials, IEEE,14(2), pp.514-537. Knapp, E.D. and Langill, J.T., 2014.Industrial Network Security: Securing critical infrastructure networks for smart grid, SCADA, and other Industrial Control Systems. Syngress. Lehmann Jr, L.C. and Dye, T.A., Meetrix Corporation, 2013.Applying multicast protocols and VPN tunneling techniques to achieve high quality of service for real time media transport across IP networks. U.S. Patent 8,477,778. Mullick, A., Nanjundaswamy, S. and Soni, A., Citrix Systems, Inc., 2013.Method and appliance for authenticating, by an appliance, a client to access a virtual private network connection, based on an attribute of a client-side certificate. U.S. Patent 8,413,229. Rosado, J.J.A., Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (Publ), 2013.Mobile virtual private networks. U.S. Patent 8,544,080. Vacca, J.R., 2012.Computer and information security handbook. Newnes. Van Der Merwe, J., Gerber, A. and Ramakrishnan, K., AtT Intellectual Property I, LP, 2014.Methods and apparatus to communicatively couple virtual private networks to virtual machines within distributive computing networks. U.S. Patent 8,705,513. Viduto, V., Maple, C., Huang, W. and Lpez-Perz, D., 2012. A novel risk assessment and optimisation model for a multi-objective network security countermeasure selection problem.Decision Support Systems,53(3), pp.599-610. Yan, Y., Qian, Y., Sharif, H. and Tipper, D., 2012. A survey on cyber security for smart grid communications.Communications Surveys Tutorials, IEEE,14(4), pp.998-1010.

Investment Management in Modern Business

Introduction Investors are always very cautious with their money as they always want to invest in the company that has the least number of risks as well as the highest profits. Investors are interested in the company that is well managed as can enable them recover continuous income on their invested capital.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Investment Management in Modern Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As noted by Ramaswamy (2004, 241), investors are rational in their choices of investments as they always make rational decisions regarding investments that yield maximum income. Most investors are safe investors as they always invest in ventures that they are likely to reap income on top of what they invested rather than investments in which they are likely to make losses. This study will seek to investigate the investment ventures undertaken by individual consumers and the decisions made by investors. Objectives of the Study As noted above, this study will seek to establish the decisions made by consumers in terms of investments in various assets including securities and other financial assets. Specifically, the study will seek to: Find out the type of investment decisions of investment in various investment ventures at their disposal. To establish the role of the financial services authority and the independent financial advisors regarding the investment decisions made by investors. To establish the role of the retail distribution review and the personal financial society in determining the financial decisions made by consumers regarding investment of their funds. Research Questions Investors always make rational decisions regarding the goods they purchase. Similarly, investors make rational decision regarding the assets they purchase with the expectation of making the highest returns. This paper will seek to answer these questions regarding the investment decisions made by c onsumers using their funds. What type of investment decision do consumers make regarding their funds and capital? What is the role of the financial services authority and the independent financial advisors regarding the decisions made by investors? Do the retail distribution review and the personal finance society have some significance regarding the choices of investment made by consumers? Review of Literature Investors are very cautious in their investors and they always like to invest in companies that perform well in terms of profitability. High profit for an organization means that investors would have an increased return on their investments. As noted by George and Frankfurter (2003, 63), most investors always monitor the financial performance of firms that they are interested n before making any move. Some of the most important aspects of the financial records of an organization include the profit earned by the company, the stock [rice of the firm, the return on capital inv ested, the return on the company’s assets as well as the dividends share for investors.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to realize improved and brilliant financial performance, an organization needs to be well organized and endowed with good strategic leadership that can steer it to growth and development. Independent Financial Advisors However, not all companies have all these qualities and in fact some investors are unable to keep track of the performance of the firm for a continued period. They therefore rely on some of financial advisors that help them make the right investment that would capitalize on their invested capital. Financial advisors are comprised of teams knowledgeable in the field of financial investment and financial accounting and they keep track of the financial performance of all companies (Sinha 2003, p. 211). They rely on their recor ds in advising their customers on the best investments especially after examining the financial performance of the firms. In some cases, consumers entrust them with managing their investments with the advisors investing consumer’s funds. Therefore, financial advisors help consumers maximize on the income from their invested funds (Koch Shenoy 1999, p. 91). However, in some unexpected business environments, consumers do make losses and even lose their invested funds. And this calls for an authority that regulates and monitors activities in the financial markets. The Retail Distribution Review The Retail Distribution review was established with the view of helping consumers realize profitability on their investments. The body is vital as it establishes the resilient, effective and attractive investment options that consumers can have confidence in and invest. The body advises consumers on investment and retirement planning. The Financial Services Authority The financial servic es authority is an important body in the financial market as it helps in regulating all organizations that provide financial advice to investors. The body was designed with the aim of regulating the market through setting up of guidelines to be observed by all organizations providing advice to investors.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Investment Management in Modern Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The body has the authority and power to formulate policies as well as implementing them. This means that it can as well force organizations to abide by the formulated regulations. According to Frank and Reilly (2011, p. 106), these bodies are necessary in the financial industry as they help in instilling confidence in the investors so that they can continue investing. Lack of confidence and trust in the market could lead to financial issues in various firms with spillovers affecting the entire economy. Th erefore, it is important that investors are not scared so that the stability of operations in the market can be maintained. In a surveys conducted by Thomas and Robinson (2008, p. 79), it was established that investors are rational and could also be grouped into risk averse investors and safe investors that invest in safe companies. All these types of investors rely on availability of information regarding the various companies they wish to invest in. the information is availed by various intermediaries such as the financial services authority and financial advisors (George Frankfurter 2003, p. 61). Methodology This study will involve utilization of qualitative research method, which will require utilization of primary data collected directly from investors using questionnaires. Qualitative method was selected for the study because it will help the researcher understand the behavior of investors regarding making of investment choices. Fast hand data will be collected using question naires form a selected sample of investors from the market. The questionnaires will contain likert scale questionnaires, open and closed ended questions regarding the source of information for investors and the factors that determine their investment decisions. In addition, interviews will be conducted on the management personnel of the FSA, IFA and the personal finance society. Expected Findings It is expected that the study will establish that all consumer are rational in their choices and will often make decisions regarding investment based on various factors.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, the most important factor in most of the decisions made is the profit that an organization makes and the expected income on their investment including the dividend that they expect to earn from the investment. In order to make a decision, consumers seek for information from financial advisors and always look forward to the financial services authority to regulate the market and eliminate any form of uncertainty. List of References Frank, K Reilly, K 2011, Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management, Cengage Learning, Mumbai. George, M Frankfurter, B 2003, Dividend policy: theory and practice, Academic Press, New Delhi. Koch, P Shenoy, C 1999, ‘The information content of dividend and capital structure policies’, The Journal of the Financial Management Association, vol. 28, no.4, pp. 16-35. Ramaswamy, S 2004, Managing Credit Risk in a Corporate Bond Portfolio, Mumbai: Wiley. Sinha, 2003, Financial Statement Analysis, London: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Thomas, R Robinson, C 2008, International Financial Statement Analysis, Chicago, John Wiley Sons. This proposal on Investment Management in Modern Business was written and submitted by user DannyRand to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Romanticism in the scarlet letter essays

Romanticism in the scarlet letter essays Romanticism can be defined as a literary movement marked especially by emphasis on the imagination and the emotions and by the use of autobiographical material. The years from 1810 to 1865 marked the period of romanticism. The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850, is a piece of literature from the Romantic period. Intuition, supernatural occurrences, and nature reflecting the emotions are all techniques of Romanticism used in The Scarlet Letter. The power or faculty of knowing occurrences without conscious reasoning is intuition. Pearl asked Dimmesdale, Wilt thou stand here with mother and me, tomorrow noontide? (104). She asked him the aforementioned question because she believes he has also sinned and should have been on the scaffold with them seven years ago. Pearl has made an A out of eelgrass. Hester wonders why she has made it and asks if she knows what her A means. Pearl replies, It is for the same reason the minister keeps his hand over his heart. (132). Pearl senses that Dimmesdale also has an A, and he keeps his hand over his heart to hide his shame of being an adulterer. When talking about supernatural occurrence, in reference to Romanticism, it is when something out of the ordinary happens. It is done! The whole town will awake, and hurry forth, and find me here! (100). This is supernatural because Dimmesdale is screaming at the top of his lungs, expecting the whole town to wake and see him upon the scaffold. The only two people who take notice are Hester and Pearl; they later join him on the scaffold. We impute it, therefore, solely to the disease in his own eye and heart, that the minister, looking upward to the zenith, beheld there the appearance of an immense letter the letter A marked out in lines of dull red light. Not but the meteor may have shown itself at that point, burning duskily thro...

Foreign Exchange Risk Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Foreign Exchange Risk Analysis - Essay Example The policies in china resulted in a successful market economy and indigenous private sector. This resulted increase of foreign trade and inward investments. The high growth recorded in China regarding economic activity and manufacturing, prompted many companies to export to establish manufacturing units in China.1 The exchange rate in the international market is dominated by US dollar. The imbalance in the system can be considered as a reason for instability. The foreign exchange policy by any state should have a long term agenda to appreciate it along with the increasing exports, which is a difficult thing. As per now the USD is international currency and Euro and Yen are trying to replace it. For this purpose the currency should fulfill the classical money functions. This makes the countries like china to have US currency up to some extent and this leads to appreciation of that currency resulting in increasing the import costs. If any country wants to appreciate its currency, it must be accepted by lot of people and countries in the world. This increases demand for that particular currency and can be appreciated. 2 The reason for the change in the foreign economic relations and exchange of Yuan with other currencies is due to opening of its economy to the outer world. The private foreign capital was used to increase the economic development. As China absorbed the new capitals, the currency was being appreciated. The increase of manufacturing sector simultaneously provided the foreign exchange to china to import the requirements. As it followed the self reliance the imports are kept at a limitation and this resulted in appreciation of its currency over the international currencies. As a result 1USD can fetch only 7 Yuan and this is due to the acceptance of the Yuan by different countries like the members of ASEAN and other countries. The self reliance and control of imports also made Chinese currency appreciate gradually over USD in the course of time. As per Nike company is considered it can export its goods into china. One reason is that there are very less currencies like Yuan that are very close to the value of US. This makes the company to make more profit in China than the countries like India, which have 1USD = more than 40 Indian rupees. So, instead of exporting the products to the countries like in India, it is better to export to country like China for Nike. Though it results in decrease of foreign investment, this resulted in healthy competition and growth of economy. 3 From the hardened stand in 1949-50 the US policy has been liberalized from then on China. UK along with US favored China and both of them relied heavily on china. The policies of US and UK made china to implement the economic reforms. 4 After the end of China's Civil war both other parts of the world and China recognized the importance of China and the openness of the economies. After Europe, Britain considered the China to be important according to American influence. Out of its large investments in the world, the British and Americans have substantial investments in China. China, which was ranked below Hong Kong and Malays by US in the preferential treatment emerged as the front runner in the economic refo

Global Management and Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Management and Leadership - Essay Example There are various functional departments such as finance, operations, Human Resources, Wholesale, Direct Sales, Information Technology, Marketing, Merchandise, Property, Sales, Supply Chain and Design. The heads of all these departments report to the CEO. The CEO along with other directors forms the board of directors which takes crucial organizational decisions. Such an organizational structure suits a company like Pumpkin Patch whose lines of business are quite few. This organizational structure enables appropriate designation of responsibilities (Organizational Chart Pumpkin patch, 2010). Pumpkin patch has been following an aggressive growth strategy which is not constrained by geographical boundaries. The company has retail stores in 4 countries as well as wholesale association in 16 countries. 80% of company’s revenues come from outside New Zealand. The company is listed on the New Zealand stock exchange and has more than 200 stores worldwide. It has strong financial stat ements and cash flows. A large part of the company’s sales comes through online sales. This indicates its adaptability to modern technologies, tastes and lifestyles. 2. Weaknesses As Pumpkin Patch grows, relying on a simple organizational structure as present could be risky. There would be a need to include structural components based on geography and lines of business. For example, there could be geographical heads for 4 prime geographical regions the company caters to (Organizational Chart Pumpkin patch, 2010). Pumpkin Patch’s turnover is still a fraction of the top retailers in United States and has a long way to go in spite of its recent scalability. 3. Opportunities Pumpkin Patch has a number of opportunities in all 3 channels of sales it uses i.e. Retail, Wholesale and Direct (Internet). In retail segment, the company has been relying solely on margins rather than volumes. Pumpkin Patch needs to scale up even faster to gain a significant market share in the crowd ed U.S. market. For this, the company can make use of franchise model. In the wholesale segment, the company needs to have strategic collaborations with top multi-brand retail chains such as Spencer’s and Wal-mart. Internet market is the best opportunity Pumpkin Patch can make use of. This is a relatively new sales channel and Pumpkin already has a significant presence there. It has not been exploited to its potential by competitors. This should be treated as a priority. The aim should be to generate at least half of the sales from this channel in coming years (Pumpkin patch Limited, 2007). 4. Threats Pumpkin has a significant mind space among the customers. However, U.S. children’s clothing market is highly crowded. There are well known reputed brands such as Gap, Next, Mango, Zara, Billabong, Gymboore and others (Pumpkin patch Limited, 2007). Scaling up in wake of this intense competition would be a difficult task and involve marketing and infrastructure spends. With huge store opening costs, the company may not be able to realize economies of scale with small stores. References Organizational Chart Pumpkin patch. (2010). Retrieved online January 18, 2012 from Pumpkin patch Limited. (2007). Macquarie Securities Data Related Information from PART 2 Relevance of Core Competencies Core competency is the unique capability of a firm that cannot be easily imitated and provides it a unique competitive edge. Core competencies

Ethical Issues in Video Games

Ethical Issues in Video Games Are Ethics Important /Relevant in Visual Media? Discuss This essay aims to understand what video games are and which kind of ethical questions they pose from various perspectives and to determine which ethical problems video games pose. These issues will be described using ethical conceptual terms and will be explained using ethical theory to attempt to reach a verdict on the ethical nature of video games. Philosophers and ethicists are interested in the ethical dilemmas in the intersection of arts, culture and technology posed by video games, while game designers might be interested not only in the argument for ethics in games, but also the implementation of ethical discussion that may lead to more mature, challenging products. The term game covers a wide range of different activities and pastimes. Soccer, tennis, monopoly and Grand Theft Auto V (2014) can all be categorised as games, with very different experiences and rules. They do however; hold similar elements that define them as the same class. To understand what exactly games we can refer to Jesper Juulwho states that aÂÂ   game isÂÂ   a rule-based system withÂÂ   a variableÂÂ   andÂÂ   quantifiableÂÂ   outcome, where different outcomes are assigned different values, the player exerts effortÂÂ   inÂÂ   order to influence the out-come, the player feels attached to the outcome, and the consequencesÂÂ   ofÂÂ   theÂÂ   activityÂÂ   areÂÂ   optionalÂÂ   andÂÂ   negotiableÂÂ   (Juul, 2004). Video games are utilized through the use of computer power and the computer controls the rules in which the game is played with the player interacting through the use of a video display Juul merged different approaches and concepts to allow researchers to share their findingsin a common language. Juuls definition outlines the difference between the different levels of functionality and fundamental rules created in most games. (Miguel sicart, 2005)This means that video games can be analysed as self-contained worlds and systems separately and also how they interact with each other. Neither takes into account the player or the intentions the player has while interacting with the game. This separation is important while attempting to gain an ethical understanding of a game because it entrusts the player with moral attributes and gives the ability to the player to create their individual experiences based on their own values and cultural influences. In short, games are made up of a precise set of rules that creates a world that a player experiences. (Zimmerman Salen, 2003). It could also be said thata video game only exists when being interacted with even though it is possible to outline its rules, which are the objective nature and could be treated as a important part of the construction of the players experience. Understanding the ethics involved in video games will require the researcher to determine precisely how a computer game as an object with moral attributes and experiences is created. Aristotles distinction between potential and actuality can be used here. For example, if a player reads a rule book for a game of any type they can have an overall view of what that game consists of. It does not however, give the user a complete overview of the history of chess or many other elements of the game such as the type of player you are in competition against or a view of flaws that may be present in a particular opponents stra tegy. The substance of any type of game is not just its rules but also the practical existence of those rules. To fully understand this relationship we can use a classic distinction of Aristotelian metaphysics that is potentiality and actuality According to Aristotles metaphysics, things present a capability of evolving into a different and more complete state, this can also be referred to as the actuality of that thing. The classic example would be a boy being the potentiality of a man. Aristotle also argues that actuality is prior and has priority over actuality: before defining what the potentiality might be, we have to be aware of its actuality; and it is this actuality which is the reason why the potentiality is not only acquired, but developed. (Stanfordedu, 2016) In regards to video games, just like any other form of games, this means that the rules of a game are only viewed as the potential contained within the game, only by playing the game can we understand the potential places the game can be taken. In a game like Candy Crush (2014), different coloured pieces of candy fall down the screen and need to be matched with the same type candies, the goal is to avoid filling the screen are the conditions for the game that which the players abide by in order to play the game successfully. The rule set contains the ways the game can be played, but only the presence of a player will activate those potentialities and make them become a game (Miguel sicart, 2005)

The Heros Journey in Cameron Crowes Film Almost Famous Essay

The Hero's Journey in Cameron Crowe's Film â€Å"Almost Famous†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Almost Famous (2000) is a dramatization of writer/director Cameron Crowe’s real-life experiences as a teenage rock reporter for Rolling Stone. Based on thinly-veiled autobiographical material from the precocious beginnings of Crowe’s early career, the screenplay shapes sentimental memories into movie magic. But how did Crowe give his own coming-of-age tale such universal appeal? A closer look reveals that Almost Famous, like most films worth their salt, is yet another incarnation of the greatest and only mythological adventure, â€Å"The Hero’s Journey.† This relationship can be explained using the framework of Joseph Campbell’s phenomenal book, The Hero with a Thousand Faces, along with certain terms and interpretations from The Writer’s Journey by Christopher Vogler. William Miller, our unlikely hero, lives at home with his protective mother Elaine and rebellious older sister, Anita. His ORDINARY WORLD is the sheltered existence of a San Diego junior high school student. When Anita has a fight with her mother and decides to leave home to become a stewardess, her parting words to William make her the HERALD of his adventures to come. With the car packed and running, Anita takes hold of William on the front lawn, looks him dead in the eye and says: â€Å"One day, you’ll be cool.† Under his bed, the stack of albums she has left for him includes the Who’s Tommy, with a note taped to it. â€Å"Listen to Tommy with a candle burning and you will see your entire future,† it reads prophetically. And so it was written. Rock music is about to change William forever. In the next scene, we are introduced to an older William—now fifteen and in high school—obsessively scratching band names into his notebook during class. It is time for the appearance of his SUPERNATURAL AID â€Å"to supply the amulets and advice that the hero will require.† (Campbell 72) William goes to meet the famous rock critic, Lester Bangs, who is being interviewed at a local radio station. Over lunch, Lester initiates his role as MENTOR to the aspiring young journalist, warning him against making friends with the rock stars lest he lose his objectivity to write about them. â€Å"You have to build your reputation on being honest†¦ and unmerciful,† he says repeatedly. Seeing that William is serious about his quest, Lester offers him a bona fide writing ass... ...to try to get back together with her, she tricks him into showing up on William’s doorstep instead. The two finally sit down to an interview together and we discover that Russell has called and come clean to the editors of Rolling Stone about the truth of William’s story. The film’s climax is thus resolved as its closing shot depicts a bundle of bound Rolling Stone magazines landing on the pavement with a thud. Almost Famous tells the story of an uncommon adolescence, too unusual for audiences to relate to on a personal level, yet with a common resonance that speaks to millions. This effect can’t have been achieved on accident. Far from just a haphazard reminiscence, the screenplay succeeds by arranging its elements along the symbolism of our collective consciousness. Therefore, using the outline of â€Å"The Hero’s Journey† as the basis for analysis, we see how Almost Famous has also been wrought from the power of this infinite myth. Works Cited Campbell, Joseph. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. 2nd ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968. Vogler, Christopher. The Writer’s Journey: Mythic Structure for Writers. 2nd ed. Studio City: Michael Weise Productions, 1998.

Velocity and Acceleration (Video Analysis) Lab Report

Velocity and Acceleration (Video Analysis) NAME Abstract: With using the new software this lab was different than the rest. We determined many solutions using video analysis. We used a frictionless track with a â€Å"car† and recorded using loggerpro software. We used this software to determine average velocity and instantaneous velocity. With this information we than discovered the average acceleration, mine was . 2115. After that we were able to find ? a, then finally the free-fall acceleration, I got 1. 693.Overall this was a fun and difficult experiment, but I learned a ton about acceleration and velocity. Introduction: The average person might hear the word physics and have no idea what it really means. The formal definition is; a science that deals with matter and energy and their interactions. Now that definition is nice and short, and doesn’t explain into too much detail, but that is the gist of it. And hopefully can help you understand this lab a little bit mor e. The next question an average person is going to ask is when is this even used in real life?But there are many examples, for one; 2-d vectors and projectile are used when using a cannonball, or any other ball flying through the air, every motion on a flat surface. Another example is hitting a golf ball, which can be in kinematics or in dynamics. If only motion of a golf ball is discussed, with terms like velocity, acceleration, displacement etc. then it's in kinematics. If mass, force, and impulse are also mentioned, than its dynamics. Those are just two of many different examples. The example that ties into this lab is hitting the golf ball, well the part about acceleration and velocity.So, if this lab is completed correctly and not only will you be able to determine the acceleration and velocity of the car on the tract but of your golf ball as well, which could be fun to see who’s is the highest with your friends. So before you know it you will be using physics in your ev eryday life and have fun doing it. But in this lab we will be finding a little bit more than just velocity and acceleration of low friction systems, we will also obtain a value for instantaneous velocity, which is used if we reduce the time interval between ti and tf to a very small value.Also the value for the free-fall acceleration g, this will be found using analytical and graphical methods, where the slope will also be determined. And I believe having fun while doing it. So, don’t think of physics as this hard useless subject because it is not! In fact, if understood it can be a useful and fun subject to learn. Theory: To describe object's motion we have a parameter called velocity which gives both the direction and speed of the object's motion. Average velocity can be found with net displacementtotal time taken or Xf-XiTf-Ti.In the first part of the experiment we will observe the motion at constant and even velocity. Constant means a quantity where the value does not cha nge with time. Even is a quantity where the value does not change with space coordinates. If a system could be found in which a mass moves with no friction, then that motion would be both even and constant. While it is impossible to take away friction completely, it is somewhat easy to minimize friction to almost none. The device available for studying nearly frictionless motion and the one we will be using is called a linear air track.Next is to find the value for instantaneous velocity which can be found with the equation; V3= X4-X2T4-T2, V4 X7-X5T7-T5, and so on, this must be done eight to ten times. So, if we determine the net displacement and take that and divide it by the total time taken, then we can establish the average velocity and the instantaneous velocity. Next we have to obtain the acceleration and the free-fall acceleration. These are found separately though and take two different methods, although they are very similar. First we must place a 1. 7 cm block under the l inear air track to rise it up which is essential to find the free-fall acceleration and the average acceleration. To find the acceleration we will be using an equation, which is; a=Vf-ViTf-Ti. And for the free-fall acceleration it is simply used with analytical and graphing with an equation, which is; Mg sin? = Ma. So, if we determine the velocity, then the acceleration can be calculated, and take that data and we can determine the free-fall acceleration. Experiment: First, before beginning this experiment you need to make sure you have the correct materials.You will need; an air track, an air car, a computer, a web cam, loggerPro ® software, a USB thumb drive, a meter stick, and a calculator. Once you have the proper equipment you are now ready to start the lab. First you turn on the vacuum cleaner, next set the car on the track. After that give the car a small push, if it runs good then you are good to go. Start up the LoggerPro ® software, select â€Å"insert†, then â €Å"Video Capture†. A pop up will appear and click on â€Å"Logitech HD Webcam C310† and click â€Å"OK†. A live image will appear.Put the web cam in a place in which you can see the whole track. On the computer click â€Å"Start Capture† button (which will start the recording), once it starts a lab partner will take the car (should be already placed at the begging of the track) and give it a slight push and wait till the car hits the end of the track and comes back to the beginning to stop the recording. Then close the window. Now that the video is taken, you will need to extract the data. First click the scale button and trace the meter stick, set it as one meter.Then click â€Å"add points† and track the car from the beginning till the end (only when moving). Press Ctrl-R to rearrange the windows, this will give a better view. Next click on the â€Å"Examine† tool, this will move the data to a data table, then turn the tool off. Once this is finished select the â€Å"Linear Fit† tool then select the â€Å"VideoAnalysisX†, this will draw a best fit line and then save. Next take the 1. 27 cm block and place it under one end of the track, this will be the end of the track where the test is run.Then in LoggerPro ® open a new page and record a video doing the same steps you previously did. Once this is complete calculate the instantaneous velocity at various points. This is done by selecting â€Å"Data†, â€Å"New Manual Column.. †, name this column â€Å"Vinst† and set the unit to â€Å"m/s†; then click â€Å"Done†. This is when the equation comes in, once each point is determined you will have to manually plug in the value into the â€Å"Vinst† column. Once this is complete you will need to complete a graph with the data from the â€Å"Vinst† column.Now the last step is just to do the calculations. Data ; Results: Acceleration= . 65-. 105-2. 4 = . 552. 6 or . 2115 ?a=12amax-amin=12. 684. 5-. 564. 8= . 0172 Free-fall acceleration = Mg sin? = Ma = g=asin? = sin? =hl= 1. 27cm125cm= . 0102 g=alh= (. 0172)(125)1. 27=1. 693 Discussion: With using the new software this lab was different than the rest. We determined many solutions using video analysis. We used a frictionless track with a â€Å"car† and recorded using loggerpro software.We used this software to determine average velocity and instantaneous velocity. With this information we than discovered the average acceleration, mine was . 2115. After that we were able to find ? a, then finally the free-fall acceleration, I got 1. 693. Overall this was a fun and difficult experiment, but I learned a ton about acceleration and velocity. References: Mellinger, Axel, Matson, William, and Qadir, Didarul. PHYSICS 175 Laboratory Manual. Department of Physics. Central Michigan University. August 2012. January 2013